Reciprocating cylindrical valve.



PATENTBD AUG. 9, 1904.

` A. B. BENSON. RECIPROGATING CYLINDRIGAL VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No MoDBL.

PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904..

A. B. BENSON.

REGIPROGATING GYLINDRICAL VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

No. 767,330. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904.

. B. BENSON. REGIPROCATING CYLINDRICAL VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 Hoz new Patented August 9, 1904.

VUNrTiaio STATES PATENT QFFICE.'

ARTHUR B. BENSON, OF BELOIT, VISCONSIN.

RECIFROCATING CYLINDRICAL VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,330, dated August9, 1904.

l Application filed April 22, 1902. Serial No. 104,176. (No model.)

To (LN, whom, it muy 0071/007177.:

Be it known that 1, ARTHUR B. DENsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Beloit, in the county or' Rock and State of 1V is'consin,have invented new and useful Improvements vin Reciprocating CylindricalValves, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to improvements in reciprocating cylindricalvalves adapted to reciprocatingly actuate a piston, and while the valvemay-be utilized for this purpose whenever or wherever such results maybe required it is particularly adapted to operate the piston of apneumatic hammer, and for this reason I have shown and illustrated thevalve as operatively associated with a pneumatic hammer.

The object is to provide an improved reciprocable cylindrical valve ofsimplified construction which is certain and efficient in action anddurable in use.

Vith these objects in view the invention consists in the novelconstruction or' parts and their arrangement and aggroupment inoperative combination, as will be hereinafter specitied, andparticularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

I have fully and clearly illustrated my improvements in theaccompanying' drawings, forming a part hereof, and wherein Figure 1 is aview in longitudinal central section of a pneumatic hammer, showing thepiston within the barrel or cylinder, the valve in the valve-chamber,and the means for controlling' the admission of air to the valve. Fig. 2is a side view of the barrel or "cylinder of the hammer, showing theair-ports therein. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the piston-chamber,showing the main air-channel and the oppositely-arrangedexhaust-channels. Fig. 1 is an end view in elevation of thehammer-handle, taken from the inner end. Fig'. 5 is an end view of thehammer-handle, takenvfrom the outer end and showing the lever foractuating the air-inlet valve, also showing the air-inlet. Fig. 6 is aplan view of the valvecasing, showing the central ports and the eX-haust-ports. Fig. 7 is a detail view of the valve-casing', showing oneof the ports through which the air escapes into the atmosphere.

Fig. 8 is a detail bottom view of the valvecasing, showing theinlet-port through which the air enters to the valve. Fig. 9 is a detailview of the valve-casing, showing the exhaustsection taken on the line15 15 of Fig'. 1, showing the respective ports of the valve and itseasing.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the barrel of the implement,consistingof a cylindrical shell of such length and diameter as may berequired and formed with a tapering or conical end portion 1 andprovided with interior screw-threads 2 for a distance in its open end. Atool-holding passage 3 is made through the conical end portion, whereinthe end of the tool engages. The upper or open end of the barrel isclosed by a threaded plug 4, having a flanged head, as shown, and arecess 5 in its inner end, into which the reduced end of the pistonprojects when at its limit of movement in that direction.

Within the hollow or chamber of the barrel is fitted the piston-cylinder6, of such length as to extend over the respective ports opening throughthe barrel, as seen in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and formed with asuitable air-passage 7 leading from a shoulder or partition 8 andextending down adjacent to the lower end of the cylinder', where itopens into the piston-chamber at 9 below the piston. A secondair-passage 10 opens into the piston-chamber at the upper end thereof toadmit air to force the piston down to strike the tool, and on oppositesides of the piston-cylinder are formed exhaust-ports 11 12, disposedone in advance of the other, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, theexhaust-port 11 being provided to relieve the pressure on the piston atits downward stroke and the other, 12, at its upward stroke.

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B designates the handle of the hammer, formed with a sleeve 13 to iitsnug over the upper end of the barrel, and adjacent to the upper end ofthe sleeve has an interior annular iiange 14, which lodges against theend of the barrel and is clamped by the threaded plug 1, whereby thehandle is held firmly to the tool, as shown in Fig. 1. In the shank ofthe handle is formed a cylindrical chamber 15, in which is accuratelyitted a cylindrical valvecasing 16, provided with ports 17 18 and eX-haust-ports 19 20, registering and alining with those of likedesignation in the barrel of the hammer and extending through thepartitionwall in the shank of the handle, as shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings. The valve-casing is also provided with an inlet-port 21,through which the air enters.

Within the valve-casing 16 is slidingly disposed the valve 22, heldagainst turning in the casing by means of a screw 23, let through a slotin the end chamber of the valve. The valve 22 consists of a cylindermade shorter than the casing within which it is fitted to provide forreciprocation and is divided into three apartments, a central apartment24E having an outlet-port 25, which registers alternately with the ports17 18 to admit air successively to the piston-chamber at opposite endsthereof, and is also provided with an elongated inletport 26, whichremains open under any position that the valve may assume. Thepartitions 27 28 divide the valve into the apartments, the respectiveend apartments beingopen at the ends, and cover the exhaust-ports 19 2()at stated periods, and also provided with ports 29 30, coinciding' withports in the valve-casing and handle-shank to lead the air alternatelyinto the ends of the cylinder and start the valve. The valve-casing isheld in position and the valve confined in the casing by means of athreaded plug 31, let into the end of the shank of the handle. Byreference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the valve is in its upperposition and the piston has been driven down in its chamber,with itsupper end uncovering the exhaust-port 32, which leads through thepassage 11 to the eX- haust-port 30 in the upper end of the valve, thusrelieving the pressure in the upper p0rtion of the piston-chamber, asindicated.

It will be perceived that when the actuating fluid is admitted throughthe port 30 it acts on the'upper apartment of the valve with suilicientforce to start it downward and, uncovering the exhaust-port a,permitting the air to escape through the shell and then bringing theport 25 of the valve into alinement with the port 17, which communicateswith the channel 7 and port 9 and 'forces the piston upward in thechamber. Then as the piston 34 is pushed upward the mouth oi' channel 12is uncovered, permitting the air to pass through the port 19into theapartment defined by the partition 27 of the valve, forcing the valve inupward direction and uncovering the exhaust-port b, through which theair escapes.

To admit air to the valve, an air-channel 37 is made through the handle,which opens into the middle chamber or apartment of the valve, which isalways open. In the channel 13 is interposed a valve 38, havingastem 39,on the end of which a lever 40, fulcrumed in the handle, bears, asshown, and under the valve 38 is an. expansive spring i1, which returnsthe valve to closed position after it has been released from thepressure.

Having described my invention, what I claim ise 1. The combination witha piston-cylinder provided with ports at its opposite ends, and areciprocable piston therein, oi' a cylindrical valve-casing' providedwith ports communicating with the piston-cylinder, and a cylindricalvvalve in the casing consisting of a hollow cylinder havingI transversepartitions dividing the valve into a middle apartment having aninlet-port always open and an outletport leading into thcpiston-cylinder and open end cylindrical extensions to alternately openand close the ports leading from the valvecasing into thepiston-cylinder, and means substantially as described to actuate thevalve.

2. The combination with a piston-cylinder provided with ports at itsopposite ends, and a reciprocable piston therein, oi' acylindricalvalve-casing provided with ports communicating with the piston cylinder,and constituting alternately induction and eduction passages, alongitudinally-reciprocable valve in the valve-casing having a middleapartment provided with an inlet-port constantly open, and a portcommunicating with the opposite ends of the piston-cylinder and open endextensions to alternately open and close the ports leading into thepiston-cylinder, and means substantially as described to actuate thevalve.

In testimony whereofI aHiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR B. BENSON.

Witnesses:

STEPHEN F. CAMrBuLL, FRANK F. LIVERMORE.

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